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LMS Fragrances is able to price its d'essense products at an average of 80% lower prices for three reasons. First, since d'essense is able to leverage the advertising and marketing expenses spent by the large designer houses, often in the tens of millions of dollars just in the initial launch of a perfume (even before a single ounce is sold), d'essense does not need to build advertising costs into the product price.
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